Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

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• p. 1086 (opener)Chapter Opener
• p. 108649.1 Osmolarity and Osmotic Balance
• p. 108749.1 Osmolarity and Osmotic Balance (end) → 49.2 Nitrogenous Wastes: Ammonia, Urea, and Uric Acid
• p. 108849.2 (end) → 49.3 Osmoregulatory Organs
• p. 108949.3 Osmoregulatory Organs
• p. 109049.3 (end) → 49.4 Evolution of the Vertebrate Kidney
• p. 109149.4 Evolution of the Vertebrate Kidney (nephron structure; marine bony fish; cartilaginous fish; amphibians/reptiles)
• p. 109249.4 (end) → 49.5 The Mammalian Kidney
• p. 109349.5 The Mammalian Kidney
• p. 109449.5 The Mammalian Kidney (The production of filtrate)
• p. 109549.5 The Mammalian Kidney (collection of urine; reabsorption and secretion)
• p. 109649.5 The Mammalian Kidney (loop of Henle, countercurrent multiplier, distal tubule/collecting duct)
• p. 109749.5 (end) → 49.6 Hormonal Control of Osmoregulatory Functions
• p. 109849.6 Hormonal Control of Osmoregulatory Functions (ADH feedback loop; aldosterone/RAAS; ANP; Learning Outcomes Review)
• p. 109949.6 Hormonal Control (Fig 49.15 full RAAS loop diagram; Fig 49.16 renal artery clamp study)
• p. 1100Chapter Review (49.1-49.6 condensed)
• p. 1101Visual Summary (concept map) + Review Questions, Understand 1-4
• p. 1102Review Questions, Understand 5-7, Apply 1-4, Synthesize 1-2